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WD_341/ 2007
(  Satoshi Kinoshita )
| Series: | Works on paper: Drawings 4 | | Medium: | oilstick on paper | | Size (inches): | 25.6 x 17.7 | | Size (mm): | 650 x 450 | | Catalog #: | WD_0341 | | Description: | Signed, date and copyright in pencil on the reverse.
"There is no solution because there is no problem." - Marcel Duchamp.
-www.dgp.toronto.edu/people/stam/suomi/stam/
duchamp.html
Dadaism (1916-1924) -
Dadaism or Dada is a post-World War I cultural movement in visual art as well as literature (mainly poetry), theatre and graphic design. The movement was, among other things, a protest against the barbarism of the War and what Dadaists believed was an oppressive intellectual rigidity in both art and everyday society; its works were characterized by a deliberate irrationality and the rejection of the prevailing standards of art. It influenced later movements including Surrealism.
According to its proponents, Dada was not art; it was anti-art. For everything that art stood for, Dada was to represent the opposite. Where art was concerned with aesthetics, Dada ignored them. If art is to have at least an implicit or latent message, Dada strives to have no meaning--interpretation of Dada is dependent entirely on the viewer. If art is to appeal to sensibilities, Dada offends. Perhaps it is then ironic that Dada is an influential movement in Modern art. Dada became a commentary on art and the world, thus becoming art itself.
The artists of the Dada movement had become disillusioned by art, art history and history in general. Many of them were veterans of World War I and had grown cynical of humanity after seeing what men were capable of doing to each other on the battlefields of Europe. Thus they became attracted to a nihilistic view of the world (they thought that nothing mankind had achieved was worthwhile, not even art), and created art in which chance and randomness formed the basis of creation. The basis of Dada is nonsense. With the order of the world destroyed by World War I, Dada was a way to express the confusion that was felt by many people as their world was turned upside down.
-www.huntfor.com/arthistory/C20th/dadaism.htm
Dadaism -
Dadaism art movement category of prints and postersDadaism was an art movement that followed Cubism, Expressionism, and Fauvism. The Dadaists were mainly a group of ill-organized artists experimenting with bizarre art and literature. The most notable Dada artists include Hugo Ball, Jean Arp, and Marcel Duchamp. The artists wanted to take modern art into a direction that would broaden the meaning of "what art was and could be".
Dada began in 1916 when Hugo Ball, a German poet and exile, founded a local cafe in Zurich, called the Cabaret Voltaire. The club was a haven for young Bohemian artists, and its members boasted an atmosphere that emphasized artistic freedom and creation. The club quickly became a free platform for self-promotion used mainly by artists, musicians, and writers. For the most part, the club was an institution of learning and a Mecca for artistic individuality. The club had become so well known in the first month of its opening that people throughout Europe came to see the club.
In fact, as the clubs popularity soared, and its memberships as well, the need for changes became apparent. The members realized that the beginning of a common interest was starting to occur, and that a new art movement was beginning. Ball soon realized that he needed to find a name to call this new movement. Unlike other movements in Modern Art, where names were often generated from critics, the Dadaists themselves originated their name.
Allegedly, Ball discovered the word Dada while thumbing through a German dictionary. Although the word Dada does not signify any logical meaning that describes the movement, Ball stated that the word expressed the primitive and unruly theme associated with the club, and that Dadaism was the perfect name for their group.
The Dadaists had one main frustration to compel them against modern art-corruption. The young Dadaists felt that the creators of modern art had become snared by self-indulging greed, and had lost their sense of "true" direction. Many artists felt particularly bitter towards the Impressionists and Cubists, whom they felt had wrapped themselves in materialism. The Dadaists felt that art and literature had been exploited purely for money; and that artists had somehow lost the true identity of art. These social and personal concerns troubled the Dadaists, and these sentiments were the founding principles behind the Dada movement.
In one way or another, many artists have always had these same concerns. And indeed, around the same time that the Cabaret Voltaire was becoming popular, another independent branch of Dada in New York was taking place. In one sense the whole idea of Dada was similar. Dada seemed to be a way of thinking that has existed in every movement. Marcel Duchamp once stated, "Dada is the nonconformist spirit that has existed in every century, every period since man is man."
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-www.respree.com/cgi-bin/SoftCart.exe/scstore/learn/
dadaism.html?E+scstore
Jean/Hans Arp -
Jean Arp / Hans Arp (September 16, 1886 – June 7, 1966) was a German-French sculptor, painter, poet and abstract artist in other media such as torn and pasted paper.
Arp was born in Strasbourg. The son of an Alsatian mother and a non-Alsatian German father, he was born during the brief period following the Franco-Prussian War when the area was known as Alsace-Lorraine (Elsass-Lothringen in German) after it had been returned to Germany by France. Following the return of Alsace to France at the end of World War I, French law determined that his name become Jean.
In 1904, after leaving the École des Arts et Métiers in Strasbourg, he went to Paris where he published his poetry for the first time. From 1905 to 1907, Arp studied at the Kunstschule, Weimar, Germany and in 1908 went back to Paris, where he attended the Académie Julian. In 1915, he moved to Switzerland, to take advantage of Swiss neutrality. Arp later told the story of how, when he was notified to report to the German embassy, he avoided being drafted into the army: he took the paperwork he had been given and, in the first blank, wrote the date. He then wrote the date in every other space as well, then drew a line beneath them and carefully added them up. He then took off all his clothes and went to hand in his paperwork. He was told to go home.
Arp was a founding member of the Dada movement in Zürich in 1916. In 1920, as Hans Arp, along with Max Ernst, and the social activist Alfred Grünwald, he set up the Cologne Dada group. However, in 1925 his work also appeared in the first exhibition of the surrealist group at the Galerie Pierre in Paris.
In 1926, Arp moved to the Paris suburb of Meudon. In 1931, he broke with the Surrealism movement to found Abstraction-Création, working with the Paris-based group Abstraction-Création and the periodical, Transition.
Throughout the 1930s and until the end of his life, he wrote and published essays and poetry. In 1942, he fled from his home in Meudon to escape German occupation and lived in Zürich until the war ended.
Arp visited New York City in 1949 for a solo exhibition at the Buchholz Gallery. In 1950, he was invited to execute a relief for the Harvard University Graduate Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts would also be commissioned to do a mural at the UNESCO building in Paris. In 1954, Arp won the Grand Prize for Sculpture at the Venice Biennale.
In 1958, a retrospective of his work was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, followed by an exhibition at the Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris, France, in 1962.
The Musée d'art moderne et contemporain of Strasbourg houses many of his paintings and sculptures.
Arp's first wife, the artist Sophie Taeuber-Arp, died in Zürich in 1943, and he subsequently married the collector Marguerite Hagenbach. Arp died in 1966, in Basel, Switzerland.
(When Arp spoke in German he referred to himself as "Hans", and when he spoke in French he referred to himself as "Jean". Many people believe that he was born Hans and later changed his name to Jean, but this is not the case.)
-en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Arp
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