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AQUARIUM - JELLYFISH TANK/ 2007
(  Satoshi Kinoshita )
| Series: | Paintings: Landscape 2 | | Medium: | Acrylic, oilstick, clear gesso, sand mortar, extra coarse pumice gel and beeswax on panel, wood frame | | Size (inches): | 20.7 x 16.7 | | Size (mm): | 525 x 425 | | Catalog #: | PA_0120 | | Description: | Signed, titled, date, copyright in magic ink on the reverse.
The History of the Aquarium -
Early cultures such as the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans are known to have kept fish other then for the purpose of consumption as food.
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) started documenting the science of fish (Ichthyology) by writing about habits and Aquariumdefining local fish species.
The most important contributor to the popularity of keeping aquariums and ornamental fish nevertheless, is the Goldfish, which was first documented in 960 during the Sung Dynasty in China.
Ponds stocked with Goldfish were gaining in popularity among the privileged from 968 - 975 and eating the fish was strictly prohibited.
In 1136 Emperor Hiau-Tsung started to breed and keep these fish in a more controlled environment. Several new breeds evolved which helped make them popular and known throughout the country.
By 1510 Goldfish were no longer a luxury for the privileged, but common among all people. Many houses and dwellings had ponds with Goldfish and breeding them flourished. It was very common to keep successful breeding techniques a secret.
However, the very first book “Essay about the Goldfish” was written in China in 1596.
1616 the Goldfish arrived in Japan. The Japanese mastered the breeding of this fish over time. They now are the largest exporter of Goldfish worldwide.
Aquarium1691 the Goldfish made it’s appearance in Portugal, Europe. From there it arrived in England in 1728. At this time, the fish was popular throughout Europe’s privileged ruling class.
Holland was the first country to breed the goldfish in Europe in 1780.
1850 was the year where the Goldfish reached the New World and was the attraction of New York in 1865. Upon this success the first goldfish breeder of the US took shop in Maryland in 1888.
1850 England, marks an important date in history of aquariums. Up until then, fish where kept by rather primitive means.
Based on the works of Chemist Priestley and Zoologist Johnson, who realized the plant oxygen relation, Robert Warrington build the first aquarium.
His theory was, by building a glass structure filled with sand on the bottom, snails, and plants that can provide oxygen, fish can live forever. The plants would provide oxygen to the fish, snails eat decaying plants and lay eggs, and the fish feed off of the snail eggs. The perfect contained cycle.
As farfetched as this theory may sound, aquariums where successfully set-up on this principle well into the 1950’s. Planted aquariums held together by steel constructions, without filtration and heaters as we know today.
In 1856 a groundbreaking essay about “Sea in a Glass” by Emil Adolf Roßmäßler was published in Germany which is recognized as the beginning of the aquatic hobby as we know it today. The term aquarium by the way was used in writings starting as early as 1841.
It took many years to understand filtration. One of the first, the undergravel filter, was introduced in the 1950’s.
Up until 1952, all fish kept in captivity where fed live food. Dr. Baensch (Baensch Atlas) revolutionized the hobby by inventing flake foods.
From there on, the hobby flourished. Fueled by shorter transportation (air traffic was in it’s infant years), more and more breeders and the enthusiasts helped make the hobby more popular. The inventions and the understanding of water chemistry and fish within the past 30 years has enabled just about anyone to enjoy fish-keeping with little to no problems.
-www.algone.com/aquarium_history.php
Brief History of the New York Aquarium -
Like the history of the WCS, the New York Aquarium’s history is also a long and successful one. On December 10th, 1896, it opened its doors for the first time in lower Manhattan in what is now known as Battery Park, making it the oldest continually operating aquarium in the United States. On October 31st, 1902, the Aquarium was adopted into the care of what was then the New York Zoological Society. At the time, the Aquarium housed only 150 specimens of wildlife.
In 1941, the Aquarium at Battery Park was closed due to the proposed construction of a bridge from lower Manhattan to Brooklyn. The Aquarium’s inhabitants were temporarily housed at the Bronx Zoo until the new aquarium was built after WWII. On June 6th, 1957, the Aquarium opened its doors at its new location in Coney Island, Brooklyn.
Situated on 14 acres by the sea in Coney Island, the New York Aquarium is home to over 350 species of aquatic wildlife and over 8,000 specimens. The Aquarium continues its mission to raise public awareness about issues facing the ocean and its inhabitants with its special exhibits, public events and research. At the Aquarium’s Osborn Laboratories of Marine Sciences (OLMS), several studies are currently underway investigating such topics as dolphin cognition, satellite tagging of sharks, and coral reefs.
-www.nyaquarium.com/nyaabout/nyahistory
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