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WD_441/ 2008
(  Satoshi Kinoshita )
| Series: | Works on paper: Drawings 5 | | Medium: | oilstick on paper | | Size (inches): | 40.2 x 25.2 | | Size (mm): | 1020 x 640 | | Catalog #: | WD_0441 | | Description: | Signed, date and copyright in pencil on the reverse.
John Bonham -
John Henry "Bonzo" Bonham (May 31, 1948 – September 25, 1980) was an English drummer and member of the band Led Zeppelin. He was renowned for his power, speed and "feel" for the groove. Bonham is described by the Encyclopædia Britannica as "the perfect model for all hard rock drummers that have followed him".[1]
Life and career -
Early years:
Bonham was born in Redditch, Worcestershire, England. He first learned how to play drums at the age of five, making a drum kit out of containers and coffee tins, and copying the moves of his idols Gene Krupa and Buddy Rich. His mother Joan gave him a snare drum at the age of ten, and he received his first proper drum kit at the age of fifteen, a Premier Percussion kit. The drummer - nicknamed 'Bonzo' after the dog in a British comic strip[2] - never took any drum lessons though as a teen would knock on the doors of other drummers and ask for advice.
After leaving Wiltan House public school (some sources say he attended Bedford Modern), he worked for his father Jack Bonham in the construction industry in between drumming for different local bands. In 1964, Bonham joined his first band, Terry Webb and the Spiders, meeting his future wife Pat Phillips at a dance in Kidderminster. He also played in other Birmingham bands such as The Nicky James Movement, The Blue Star Trio, and The Senators, who released a moderately successful single "She's a Mod." Bonham enjoyed the experience and decided to take up drumming full-time. Two years later, he joined A Way of Life, but the band soon became inactive. In desperation for a regular income, he joined a blues group called Crawling King Snakes whose lead singer was a young Robert Plant.
In 1967, A Way of Life asked Bonham to return to their group, and he agreed — though throughout this period, Plant kept in constant contact with Bonham. When Plant decided to form Band of Joy, Bonham was first choice as drummer. The band recorded a number of demos but no album. In 1968 American singer Tim Rose toured Britain and invited Band of Joy to open his concerts. When Rose returned for another tour months later, Bonham was formally invited by the singer to drum for his band, which gave him a regular income.
Led Zeppelin:
Main article: Led Zeppelin
When Jimmy Page wanted to start a band in the wake of The Yardbirds break-up, his first choice for singer was Terry Reid. However Reid had already signed with Mickie Most for a solo career. Reid suggested Robert Plant, who in turn suggested Bonham. Bonham had already drummed with Plant, and knew Page from session work, as well as John Paul Jones. Page's choices for drummer included Procol Harum's B.J. Wilson, and session drummers Clem Cattini and Aynsley Dunbar. Ginger Baker was also rumoured to be on Page's list. However, upon seeing Bonham drum for Tim Rose in Hampstead, north London, in July 1968, Page and manager Peter Grant were instantly convinced that he was the perfect fit for the new project.
Despite an intensive campaign to snare the drummer, Bonham was initially reluctant to join the band, as he thought that the Yardbirds was a name from the past with no future. Plant sent eight telegrams to Bonham's pub, the "Three Men in a Boat", in Walsall, which were followed by forty telegrams from Grant. However, at the same time he was also receiving lucrative offers from established artists Joe Cocker and Chris Farlowe. In the end, though, Bonham accepted Grant's offer. He later recalled, "I decided I liked their music better than Cocker's or Farlowe's."[2]
During Led Zeppelin's first tour of the United States in December 1968, Bonham became friends with Vanilla Fudge's drummer Carmine Appice. Appice introduced him to Ludwig drums, which he then used for the rest of his career. Bonham used the longest and heaviest sticks available, which he referred to as "trees." His hard hitting style was displayed to great effect on many Led Zeppelin songs, including "Immigrant Song" (Led Zeppelin III), "When the Levee Breaks" (Led Zeppelin IV / ), "Kashmir" (Physical Graffiti), "The Ocean" (Houses of the Holy), and "Achilles Last Stand" (Presence). The studio recording of "Misty Mountain Hop" perfectly captures his keen sense of dynamics, and this is similarly exhibited by his precise drumming on "No Quarter." On several cuts from later albums, Bonham rather adeptly handled funk and Latin-influenced drumming. Songs like "Royal Orleans" and "Fool in the Rain" are good examples, the latter displaying great skill with a New Orleans shuffle and a samba rhythm.
His famous drum solo, first entitled "Pat's Delight," then "Moby Dick," would often last for half an hour and regularly featured his use of bare hands to achieve different sound effects. In Led Zeppelin concert tours after 1969, Bonham would expand his basic kit to include congas, orchestral timpani, and a symphonic gong. Bonham is also credited (by the Dallas Times Herald) with the first in-concert use of electronic timpani drum synthesisers (most likely made by Syndrum) during a performance of the song "Kashmir" in Dallas, Texas in 1977. Many modern rappers would later heavily sample his drumming and incorporate it into their compositions, such as the Beastie Boys, who sampled "Moby Dick," "The Ocean," and "When the Levee Breaks."
In 1974, Bonham appeared in the film Son of Dracula, playing drums in Count Downe's (Harry Nilsson) backing band. This was an Apple film made by Ringo Starr. Bonham appeared in an overcrowded drum line-up including Keith Moon and Starr on the soundtrack album. Bonham's action sequence for the film The Song Remains the Same featured him in a drag race at Santa Pod Raceway to the sound of his signature drum solo, "Moby Dick."
During his time with Led Zeppelin, Bonham was also an avid collector of antique sports cars and motorcycles, which he kept on his family's farm called The Old Hyde. He even bought The Plough pub in the nearby village of Shenstone, which shows signs of conversion work to allow him to drive his bikes or cars right behind the bar. This was not, however, the pub featured in the film The Song Remains the Same. It was in fact the New Inn which is currently boarded up, the only clue to its famous past being a picture hanging close to the bar.[3]
As well as recording with Led Zeppelin, Bonham also found time to play on sessions for other artists. In 1969 Bonham appeared on The Family Dogg's A Way of Life, with Page and Jones. Bonham also sessioned for Screaming Lord Sutch on his album Lord Sutch and Heavy Friends in 1970. He also played drums on Lulu's 1971 song "Everybody's Got the Clap," originally written by Maurice Gibb and Billy Lawrie. Later in his career, Bonham drummed for his Birmingham friend, Roy Wood, on his 1979 album, On the Road Again, and for Paul McCartney's Wings on their Back to the Egg Rockestra project.
Death:
On September 24, 1980, John Bonham was picked up by Led Zeppelin assistant Rex King to attend rehearsals at Bray Studios for the upcoming tour of the United States, the band's first since 1977. During the journey Bonham had asked to stop for breakfast, where he downed four quadruple vodkas (roughly sixteen shots (~2/3 imperial quart, or ~4dl of vodka). He then continued to drink heavily when he arrived at the studio. A halt was called to the rehearsals late in the evening and the band retired to Page's house, The Old Mill House in Clewer, Windsor. After midnight, Bonham had fallen asleep and was taken to bed and placed on his side. Benji LeFevre (who had replaced Richard Cole as Led Zeppelin's tour manager) and John Paul Jones found him dead the next morning. Bonham was 32 years old. [4]
An inquest at East Berkshire coroner's court recorded a verdict of accidental death, the cause being asphyxiation from vomit. A subsequent autopsy found no other drugs in Bonham's body.[5] The alcoholism that had plagued the drummer since his earliest days with the band ultimately led to his death. John Bonham was cremated on October 12, 1980, at Rushock Parish Church, Worcestershire. A cymbal sits in front of his headstone in his memory. His headstone reads:
"Cherished memories of a loving husband and father, John Henry Bonham Who died Sept. 25th 1980. aged 32 years. He will always be remembered in our hearts, Goodnight my Love, God Bless."
Despite media rumours that Cozy Powell, Carmine Appice, Barriemore Barlow, Simon Kirke, or Bev Bevan would join the group as his replacement, the remaining members decided to disband Led Zeppelin after Bonham's death. They issued a press statement on 4 December 1980 confirming that the band would not continue without its drummer. "We wish it to be known that the loss of our dear friend and the deep respect we have for his family, together with the sense of undivided harmony felt by ourselves and our manager, have led us to decide that we could not continue as we were." It was simply signed "Led Zeppelin"[6]
Equipment: This section does not cite any references or sources.
Drums:
1. Pre Led Zeppelin Kit (?-'68), Ludwig Super Classic Green Sparkle
* Bass Drum "22x14"
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Rack Tom 13"x9"
* Supraphonic Snare 14"x5"
2. Led Zeppelin Kit ('68/Tour U.S.A), Ludwig Black Diamond Pearl
* Bass Drum 24"x14"
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Floor Tom 18"x16"
* Rack Tom 13"x9"
* Snare 20's/30's COB Tube Lug
3. Ludwig Representation kit, Ludwig Thermo Gloss Natural Maple (1969-'70)[7]
* Bass Drum 26"x14"
* Tom 14"x12" Mounted on a snare stand
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Floor Tom 18"x16"
* 14"x6.5" Chrome Supraphonic 402 Series Snare
* Twin Congas Ludwig 12"
* Cowbell Ludwig Gold Tone
4. Studio and live Kit ('70 - '73), Ludwig Green Sparkle
* Bass Drum 26"x14"
* Rack Tom 14"x10"
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Floor Tom 18"x16"
* 14"x6.5" Chrome Supraphonic 402 Series Snare
* Ludwig 29" Machine Timpani (1972+)
* Ludwig 32" Universal Timpani (1972+)
5. The Song Remains The Same Kit ('73), Ludwig Amber Vistalite[8]
* Bass Drum 26"x14"
* Rack Tom 14"x10"
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Floor Tom 18"x16"
* Floor Tom 20"x16"
* 14"x6.5" Chrome Supraphonic 402 Series Snare
* Ludwig 29" Timpani
* Ludwig 30" Timpani
6. Studio Kit ('75) Ludwig Sparkle Silver Finish
* Bass Drum 26"x14"
* Rack Tom 15"x12"
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Floor Tom 18"x16"
* 14"x6.5" Chrome Supraphonic 402 Series Snare
* Ludwig 29" Timpani
* Ludwig 30" Timpani
7. Final Kit ('77-'80), Ludwig Stainless Steel
* Bass Drum 26"x14"
* Tom 15"x 12" (Mounted on Bass Drum)
* Floor Tom 16"x16"
* Floor Tom 18"x16"
* 14"x6.5" Chrome Supraphonic 402 Series Snare
Cymbals:
John Bonham played Paiste cymbals. He used Paiste Giant Beat cymbals until 1975. The Paiste Endorsement Agreement shows he experimented with cymbals including the 602 series before changing to a complete set of what is now the 2002 series in '75, which he used for the rest of his career. His setup:
During the time his setup consisted solely of giant beat cymbals (1968 - 1971):
* 15" Paiste Giant Beat Hi-Hat
* 18" Paiste Giant Beat Crash / Ride (On Left)
* 20" Paiste Giant Beat Crash / Ride
* 24" Paiste Giant Beat Crash / Ride
* 38" Paiste Symphonic Gong
During the time his setup was mixed between Giant Beat and 2002 cymbals (1971 - 1975):
* 15" Paiste 2002 Sound Edge Hi-Hat
* 18" Paiste Giant Beat Crash / Ride (On Left)
* 20" Paiste 2002 Medium
* 24" Paiste Giant Beat Crash / Ride
* 38" Paiste Symphonic Gong
During the time his setup consisted solely of 2002 cymbals (1975 - 1980):
* 15" Paiste 2002 Sound Edge Hi-Hat
* 18" Paiste 2002 Medium (On Left)
* 18" Paiste 2002 Ride (Used as Crash)
* 20" Paiste 2002 Medium Ride (Formula 602)
* 24" Paiste 2002 Ride
* Sometimes a 16" Paiste 2002 Medium under, and to the right of his 20" (as seen in Knebworth 1979)
* 38" Paiste Symphonic Gong
Drum Heads:
For his wood drums, Bonham always used Remo coated emperors (or Ludwig equivalent) on all of his batter heads, while using coated ambassadors on the resonant head, and the batter head was always tuned medium-tight, (almost jazz like) and the resonate head was always tuned way up, for a nice full, round sound. He never put pillows or other laundry in the bass drum and he only used a felt strip on the batter side from time to time. The bass drum head was also tuned a lot higher than one would think. On the vistalites he used Remo CS black dots on the batter side of the toms and the bass drum and clear ambassadors on the resonate side. The snare always had a coated emperor on the batter side and an ambassador or a diplomat on the snare side. Sometimes he would use gretsch 42-strand snare wire to fatten up the sound.
Bass Drum Pedal:
Bonham used Ludwig Speed King Pedals (with tight spring tension) throughout his career. His trademark bass drum "triplets," most notable in Good Times, Bad Times, were done with a single bass pedal, and not a double bass pedal. Unlike contemporary innovators, Bonham did not use a double-bass drum kit. He did once own one (it was featured in the demo "Communication Breakdown"), but removed it from his kit when the rest of the band decided it was drowning everything else out.
Tribute Kit:
In 2007, Ludwig and drum-builder Ronn Dunnett came together to make a limited edition kit in Bonham's memory. These stainless steel kits are the same as the one Bonham himself used on the last Led Zeppelin tours in the 1970s. Only 100 have been made.
Notes:
1. ^ "Led Zeppelin"(2008)-Encyclopædia Britannica. Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica
2. ^ a b Davis, Stephen (July 4, 1985). "Power, Mystery And The Hammer Of The Gods: The Rise and Fall of Led Zeppelin". Rolling Stone (451). Retrieved on 2008-01-15.
3. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Dorianwjones24_sept_07_2.jpg
4. ^ Rock Deaths
5. ^ John Bonham Biography
6. ^ Mick Wall (2005). "No Way Out": 86.
7. ^ According to the Bonham Biography A Thunder of Drums, Bonham's kit was double bass, which also featured a 20" diameter floor tom, as well as a 22" diameter Floor Tom which never went into production. The only other drummer who got one of these 22" Floor Toms was Carmine Appice.)
8. ^ The drums were switched out depending upon the night and what Bonham felt like using - according to A Thunder of Drums
Sources:
* Bonham, Mick (2005). John Bonham: The Powerhouse Behind Led Zeppelin. Southbank Publishing. ISBN 1-904915-11-6
* Bonham, Mick (2003). Bonham by Bonham: My Brother John. Solihull: Icarus Publications. ISBN 0-9545717-0-3
* Welch, Chris & Nicholls, Geoff (2001). John Bonham: A Thunder of Drums. San Francisco: Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-658-0
-en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bonham
Led Zeppelin Japanese Tour 1971 -
Led Zeppelin's 1971 Japanese Tour was the first concert tour of Japan by the English rock band. The tour commenced on September 23 and concluded on September 29, 1971. It was one of the first tours of Japan by a western rock band.[1]
One of the concerts from this short tour, at Hiroshima on September 27, was organised as a benefit show. As an expression of thanks, the city of Hiroshima presented the band with a letter of appreciation and the city medal by the local mayor.[1]
During this tour, singer Robert Plant allegedly punched drummer John Bonham before one of the shows.[1] This was not the only turbulent incident which occurred during the tour. As manager Peter Grant explained:
"There were rows. One bloody amazing one happened in Japan when Robert came off stage with a split lip. It was over some dispute over some money from some tour. He still owed Bonzo some petrol money for 70 quid or something, but that's how it was!"[1] ”
The concerts were recorded at the insistence of the Japanese Warner Pioneer label, which was owned by the band's record company Atlantic Records. However, upon hearing the recordings guitarist Jimmy Page found the audio quality to be so inferior that he decided to wipe over the tapes and use them again.[1]
Tour set list
The fairly typical set list for the tour was:
1. "Immigrant Song" (Page, Plant)
2. "Heartbreaker" (Bonham, Page, Plant)
3. "Since I've Been Loving You" (Page, Plant, Jones)
4. "Black Dog" (Page, Plant, Jones)
5. "Dazed and Confused" (Page)
6. "Stairway to Heaven" (Page, Plant)
7. "Celebration Day" (Jones, Page, Plant)
8. "That's the Way" (Page, Plant)
9. "Going to California" (Page, Plant)
10. "Tangerine" (Page)
11. "What Is and What Should Never Be" (Page, Plant)
12. "Moby Dick" (Page, Jones, Bonham)
13. "Whole Lotta Love" (Bonham, Dixon, Jones, Page, Plant)
Encores (variations of the following list):
* "Thank You" (Page, Plant)
* "Communication Breakdown" (Bonham, Jones, Page)
* "Rock and Roll" (Page, Plant, Jones, Bonham)
There were some set list substitutions, variations, and order switches during the tour. On September 24 "Your Time Is Gonna Come" was played for the only time in a "Whole Lotta Love" medley which went something like this: "Whole Lotta Love"/"Boogie Chillen"/Cocaine"/"Rave On!"/"Your Time Is Gonna Come"/"I'm A Man"/"The Hunter"/"Hello Mary Lou/"Oh, Pretty Woman"/"How Many More Times"
The only known live performance by Led Zeppelin of the song "Friends" was performed on this tour on 29 September 1971 in Osaka, as is exhibited on a number of Led Zeppelin bootleg recordings of the show.
Tour dates:
* 23/09/1971 Flag of Japan Budokan Hall - Tokyo, Japan
* 24/09/1971 Flag of Japan Budokan Hall - Tokyo, Japan
* 27/09/1971 Flag of Japan Municipal Gymnasium - Hiroshima, Japan
* 28/09/1971 Flag of Japan Festival Hall - Osaka, Japan
* 29/09/1971 Flag of Japan Festival Hall - Osaka, Japan
References:
1. ^Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon (1997) Led Zeppelin: The Concert File, London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-5307-4, pp. 68-70.
Sources:
* Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon (1997) Led Zeppelin: The Concert File, London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-5307-4.
-en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_Japanese_Tour_1971
Led Zeppelin Japanese Tour 1972 -
Led Zeppelin's 1972 Japanese Tour was the second and final concert tour of Japan by the English rock band. The tour commenced on October 2 and concluded on October 10, 1972.
This tour took place shortly following the recording of the band's fifth album, Houses of the Holy. Two tracks from the album were played live for first time, namely "The Song Remains the Same" and "The Rain Song". For these tracks, Jimmy Page used his characteristic Gibson EDS-1275 double-neck guitar. Other songs from the album were also played, but these had already been debuted on previous concert tours.[1]
It was on this tour that John Paul Jones played his mellotron for the first time. He used it for the tracks "Stairway to Heaven", "The Rain Song" and "Thank You". He also introduced an arco stand-up bass, which he played during "Bron-Yr-Aur Stomp".[1]
Some observers have noted that it was during this tour that the vocals of singer Robert Plant began to show signs of damage, as he arguably started to lose the extremely high-pitched wail which was evident on previous concert tours and album releases.[2]
Whilst on this tour, Jones bought a traditional Japanese string instrument called a Koto. He later used this instrument on his solo album Zooma (1999).[3]
Tour set list
The dropping of the acoustic set by the band resulted in shorter set lists than those played on more recent tours, with shows now extending to a more manageable length of around two hours. The fairly typical set list for the tour was:
1. "Rock and Roll" (Page, Plant, Jones, Bonham)
2. "Black Dog" (Page, Plant, Jones)
3. "Over the Hills and Far Away" (Page, Plant)
4. "Misty Mountain Hop" (Jones, Page, Plant)
5. "Since I've Been Loving You" (Page, Plant, Jones)
6. "Dancing Days" (Page, Plant)
7. "Bron-Yr-Aur Stomp" (Page, Plant, Jones)
8. "The Song Remains the Same" (Page, Plant)
9. "The Rain Song" (Page, Plant)
10. "Dazed and Confused" (Page)
11. "Stairway to Heaven" (Page, Plant)
12. "Whole Lotta Love" (Bonham, Dixon, Jones, Page, Plant)
Encores (variations of the following list):
* "Heartbreaker" (Bonham, Page, Plant)
* "Immigrant Song" (Page, Plant)
* "Thank You" (Page, Plant)
* "The Ocean" (Bonham, Jones, Page, Plant)
* "Communication Breakdown" (Bonham, Jones, Page)
* "Stand by Me" (King, Leiber, Stoller) Performed in Osaka on October 9
There were some set list substitutions, variations, and order switches during the tour.
Tour dates:
* 02/10/1972 Flag of Japan Budokan Hall - Tokyo, Japan
* 03/10/1972 Flag of Japan Budokan Hall - Tokyo, Japan
* 04/10/1972 Flag of Japan Koseinenkin Kaikan (Festival Hall) - Osaka, Japan
* 05/10/1972 Flag of Japan Kokaido - Nagoya, Japan
* 09/10/1972 Flag of Japan Festival Hall - Osaka, Japan
* 10/10/1972 Flag of Japan Kaikan Hall - Kyoto, Japan
References:
1. ^ Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon (1997) Led Zeppelin: The Concert File, London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-5307-4, p. 81.
2. ^ Luis Rey (1997) Led Zeppelin Live: An Illustrated Exploration of Underground Tapes, Ontario: The Hot Wacks Press, p. 202.
3. ^ Long, Andy (March, 2002). "Get The Led Out". Global Bass Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-17.
Sources:
* Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon (1997) Led Zeppelin: The Concert File, London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-5307-4.
-en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin_Japanese_Tour_1972
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